CHAPTER NO:-1
INTRODUCTION
1.1
INTRODUCTION:
Generally, the baby cradle is used
for to make sleep and soothe to baby. For example guardian have to take care of
their child till as they asleep. However, conventional cradle does not electronically
equipped such like battery or adapter to automate the cradle automatically. In
Addition to that, these kind of conventional cradle is used in villages areas
or non-developed cities due to its low prices. But the problem of this kind of
designated cradle is that you need manpower to take care of your child and your
child may not be safe and feel comfortable in the conventional cradle. Thus, we
need automatic cradle to take care of child which uses the battery or power
source. Besides, there are extra features or function is provided by the newly
automatic cradle that is beneficial for parents. Because in the present world
people are very busy in their professional life so they do not get ample time
to take care of their infants. It will be very difficult control the babies and
if someone is hiring professional to take care of their infants. It may
increase your expenses from monthly expenditure. Moreover, in today, life it is
very hard to even for the homemakers (mummy) to sit nearby their babies and
sooth them whenever they feel uncomfortable. Though, it is automatic this
application is very useful for the nurses in maternity units of hospital.
Objective of the project
Ø To
design the development of an intelligent baby care, which has ability to
monitor baby movement, bed-wet condition and body temperature.
Ø To
make a baby cradle is safe and comfortable for baby with using PIR sensor to
detect the movement of the baby body as well as bed-wet condition to keep away
baby from hygienic environment.
Ø To
make cradle innovation that is more flexible and less expensive to market.
Ø User
friendly- simple and complete with instruction
CHAPTER NO:- 2 SELECTION OF PROJECT
2.1 SELECTION OF PROJECT:
As
we are very well familiar with the hurdles faced by Parents to nurture their
infant and especially in case if both the Parents are working. To give 24 hours
of time in such cases is next to impossible. Thus, we need to develop something
unique that can help Parents to have a continuous surveillance/watch on the
Baby/Infant and can notify about the same.
Thus,
we have come up with an idea to design a Smart Cradle System using IOT which
will help the Parents to monitor their child even if they are away from home
& detect every activity of the Baby from any distant corner of the world.
It
is an innovative, smart & protective Cradle System to nurtue an infant in
an efficient way. This system considers all the minute details required for the
care & protection of the Baby in the cradle. The design of smartness &
innovation comes with the use of technologies/methodologies which include
Internet Of Things (IOT) (Modules like Raspberry Pi, Arduino, Humidity &
Temperature sensing), Swing Automation, Cry Detecting Mechanism, Live Video
Surveillance, Cloud Computing (Data Storage) & User Friendly Android Mobile
Application (for User Controls).
In
order to detect each & every activity of Baby, different Sensors/Modules
are attached to the Cradle: Humidity & Temperature Sensing Module for
detection of Wetness of the bed, A Camera on top of the Cradle for live video
footage & Cry Detection Circuit to analyse Cry Patterns which eventually
triggers the swinging mechanism (if required based on the range of frequency).
CHAPTER
NO:- 3
WORKING
PRINCIPLE & CONSTRUCTION
Principle behind cradle swing stays in comparing the
baby cry generated sound level in dB 𝑥 with a
preset value 𝑦 and it swings if 𝑥 is greater than 𝑦.
The amplified signal is generated from the voice
input. This amplified signal is then converted into a digital signal from which
sound level 𝑥 is calculated.
𝑠𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑 𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑙 (𝑥) = 20 log 𝑣𝑖𝑛 dB
𝑣0
Where,
Vin
= Voltage (ADC count) when baby is crying.
V0
= Average reference voltage (ADC count) when baby is not crying.
The preset value 𝑦 is set initially as part of configuration
of the system. It is the least value among the samples of baby cry sound levels
and it can be modified in future as and when
necessary.
CHAPTER NO:-4
COMPONENTS
COMPONENTS
USED IN AUTOMATIC CRADLE:
4.1-S.S Hollow
Pipes
4.2-Caster wheels
4.3-Supported
Frame
4.4- Shaft
4.5- Bearing
4.6- Motor
4.7- PIR Sensor
4.8-Arduino UNO
4.1:-S.S
Hollow Pipes
Steel pipes are long, hollow tubes that are used for a
variety of purposes. They are produced by two distinct methods which result in
either a welded or seamless pipe. In both methods, raw steel is first cast into
a more workable starting form. It is then made into a pipe by stretching the
steel out into a seamless tube or forcing the edges together and sealing them
with a weld. The first methods for producing steel pipe were introduced in the
early 1800s, and they have steadily evolved into the modern processes we use
today. Each year, millions of tons of steel pipe are produced.
A caster is a wheeled device typically mounted to a larger object that enables relatively easy rolling movement of the object. Casters are essentially special housings that include a wheel, facilitating the installation of wheels on objects. Casters are found virtually everywhere, from office desk chairs to shipyards, from hospital beds to automotive factories. They range in size from the very small furniture casters to massive industrial casters, and individual load capacities span 100 pounds (45 kg) or less to 100,000 pounds (45 t). Wheel materials include cast iron, plastic, rubber, polyurethane, forged steel, stainless steel, aluminum, and more.
Casters are categorized
in various ways. For example, a caster may be generally classified as either a
plate or stem caster, depending on how it attaches to its load.
Plate caster: This is
the most commonly used mounting mechanism. Mounting plates (sometimes called
"top plates") typically provide four holes which are used to bolt the
caster to the load.
Stem caster: This type
of caster has a stem which is inserted into a mating receptacle on the load.
Common types of stems include threaded, round or square with mounting holes,
grip-ring (also called "friction ring"), and expandable.
Casters are also
generally classified as either a swivel or rigid type. A swivel caster pivots
around a kingpin to allow it to rotate and roll. The rigid (also called
"fixed") caster has its wheel mounted in a fixed frame (also call
"housing," "rig," "fork," or "yoke")
and it only rolls forward and backward.
4.3:-SUPPORTED FRAME
The supported frame
is used to support the components. The total arrangement is depends on this
frame. This frame is made stainless steel.
[
4.4:-SHAFT
A shaft is a rotating machine element, usually circular in cross section,
which is used to transmit power from one part to another, or from a machine
which produces power to machine which absorbs power. The various members such
as pulleys and gears are mounted on it.
They
are mainly classified into two types.
Transmission
shafts are used to transmit power between the source and the machine absorbing
por; e.g. counter shafts and line shafts.
Integral
part of the machine itself; e.g. crankshaft.
4.5:-BEARINGS
A bearing is a machine element that constrains relative motion to only
the desired motion, and reduces friction between moving parts. The design of the bearing may, for example, provide for free linear movement of the moving part or for free rotation around a fixed axis; or, it may prevent a
motion by controlling the vectors of normal forces that bear on the moving parts. Most bearings facilitate the desired
motion by minimizing friction.
Bearings are classified broadly according to the type of operation, the motions allowed, or to the directions of the
loads (forces) applied to the parts.
Rotary bearings hold
rotating components such as shafts or axles within mechanical systems, and
transfer axial and radial loads from the source of the load to the structure
supporting it. The simplest form of bearing, the plain bearing, consists of a
shaft rotating in a hole. Lubrication is used to reduce friction. In the ball
bearing and roller bearing, to reduce sliding friction, rolling elements such
as rollers or balls with a circular cross-section are located between the races
or journals of the bearing assembly. A wide variety of bearing designs exists
to allow the demands of the application to be correctly met for maximum
efficiency, reliability, durability and performance.
4.6:-MOTOR
An
electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into
mechanical energy. Most electric motors operate through the interaction between
the motor's magnetic field and electric current in a wire winding to generate
force in the form of rotation of a shaft. Electric motors can be powered by
direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, motor vehicles or
rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as a power grid,
inverters or electrical generators. An electric generator is mechanically
identical to an electric motor, but operates in the reverse direction,
converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Electric
motors may be classified by considerations such as power source type, internal
construction, application and type of motion output. In addition to AC versus
DC types, motors may be brushed or brushless, may be of various phase (see
single-phase, two-phase, or three-phase), and may be either air-cooled or
liquid-cooled. General-purpose motors with standard dimensions and
characteristics provide convenient mechanical power for industrial use. The
largest electric motors are used for ship propulsion, pipeline compression and
pumped-storage applications with ratings reaching 100 megawatts. Electric
motors are found in industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools,
household appliances, power tools and disk drives. Small motors may be found in
electric watches.
4.7:- PIR
SENSOR
A passive infrared sensor is an solid sensor that measures infrared lighting radiating from objects in its field of view. It is solid sensor or set of sensors made from pyro electric material –material which generate energy when exposed to heat. That’s why it also called pyro electric infrared sensor.
4.8:- Arduino
UNO
Arduino is a single board smaller scale
microcontroller expected to make the use of intuitive
protests or situations more available (Figure-5 &
Figure-6). The equipment comprise of an open
source equipment board outlined around an 8-bit Atmel
AVR microcontroller, or a 32-bit Atmel
ARM. Current models highlight a USB interface, six
simple inputs pins, and additionally 14
advanced I/O pins which permits a client to connect
different augmentation sheets. Arduino Uno
can sense the environment by using the sensor , sensor
receive the signal from environment and
send to the input part of Arduino, Arduino give the
output from the output part as the
programming burn in the microcontroller. Arduino
accept a programming software called sketch.
An Arduino can program infinite time. If a new program
burn in the Arduino then previous
program will automatically vanish. We can use multiple
of sensor at a time and all the instruction
should be in one
program.
CHAPTER NO:-5ADVANTAGES, DISADVANTAGES & APPLICATIONS
5.1:-ADVANTAGES
The
requirement of automatic intelligent baby cradle is day by bay increasing.
Especially in
metropolitan cities. The benefits of Automatic cradle are:
Ø It
is very easy to operate and it’s reduces the manpower work. The user can adjust
the cradle according to their comfort and use.
Ø User
can adjust the time as per need of the parent’s the how long cradle will move
and the parents can finish their household work in that period. 8
Ø The
one of the most benefit of this cradle is we can use cradle as a biomedical
product in the hospital. Hospital have neonatal and maternity units. It will be
helpful for the nurses to take care of infant and sooth whenever they need.
They do not have to seat nearby.
5.2:- DISADVANTAGES
Ø It
can not work without electricity.
Ø Load
carrying capacity of this unit is not very high
5.3:-
APPLICATION
Ø
This machine is useful
for babies in house and hospitals.
CHAPTER NO:-6
ESTIMATION
6.1 :-ESTIMATING TABLE
SR. NO.
|
PART NAME
|
QTY.
|
PRICE
|
1
|
Hollow Pipe
|
-
|
1600
|
2
|
Caster Wheel
|
4
|
600
|
3
|
Supported Frame
|
-
|
800
|
4
|
Shaft
|
-
|
400
|
5
|
Bearing
|
2
|
600
|
6
|
Motor
|
1
|
1200
|
7
|
PIR Sensor
|
1
|
200
|
8
|
Arduino UNO
|
1
|
350
|
APPROX
(₹ 5750.00)
|
CHAPTER NO:-7FUTURE WORK & FUTURE SCOPE
7.1:-FUTURE
WORK
The
project can be made for higher capacities by increasing the dimension and
improving the design aspects. Based on the required sand particle size, the
mesh can be changed. The machine can be operated using solar energy also which
is economically useful.
7.2:-FUTURE
SCOPE
In future we can add more
features to make more efficient and user-friendly. The feature we can add to
this device such like parents can monitor their baby live via 3G, rotating toy
with music and camera, and the sound detector to detect sound of the baby could
be added to enhance the system features. With the development of technology
daily routine has been eased for the parents along with the baby care.
Otherwise motherlap’s will be the best cradle for baby.
0 Comments